Mindful Eating: A Path to a Healthy Body NCERT Class 6th Science Chapter 3 Question Answer

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Question 1.
Pick the odd one out and give reasons:
(i) Jowar, Bajra, Ragi, Chana
(ii) Kidney beans, Green gram, Soya bean, Rice
Answer:
(i) The odd one out is “Chana”. Jowar, Bajra, and Ragi are all types of millet crops, whereas Chana refers to chickpeas, which is a pulse crop.
(ii) The odd one out is “Rice.” Kidney beans, green gram, and Soya bean are commonly used as protein sources while rice is a carbohydrate.

Question 2.
Discuss traditional versus modern culinary practices in India.
Answer:
Traditional Practices

• Cooking was mostly done on chulhas (traditional stoves).
• Grinding was done manually using tools like silbatta (stone grinder).
• Emphasis on using fresh, locally grown ingredients.

Modern Practices

• Use of rpodern gas stoves and electric Appliances like grinders and mixers.
• Availability and use of pre¬packaged and processed foods.
• Influence of global cuisines and fusion cooking.

Reasons for Change

• Technological advancements.
• Time constraints and lifestyle changes.
• Improved transportation and availability of a variety of ingredients.

Question 3.
A teacher says that good food may act as medicine. Ravi is curious about this statement and has some questions for his teacher. List at least two questions that he can ask.
Answer:

1. “How does good food act like medicine for our bodies?”
2. “Can you give examples of foods that are considered ‘medicine’?”

Question 4.
Not all delicious foods are necessarily healthy, while not all nutritious foods are always enjoyable. Share your thoughts along with a few examples.
Answer:
Delicious food is not always healthy: Like, burgers, pizzas, chats, potato chips etc. are very tasty but not
nutritious. These foods contain refined flour (Maida), spices and a lot of oil which is not good for health.
On the other hand, nutritious food may not always be delicious to eat like, boiled vegetables, pulses, leafy vegetables etc., which are not always tasty but are very good for health. These foods contain important nutrients (proteins, vitamins, minerals etc.) which help us to maintain our body strong and healthy.

Question 5.
Medu does not eat vegetables but enjoys biscuits, noodles and white bread. He often has stomach ache and constipation. What changes should he make in his diet to get rid of these problems? Explain your answer.
Answer:
Medu should include whole grains, whole pulses, fresh fruits and vegetables in his diet to get rid of her problems. These food items contain roughage (dietary fiber) which is lacking in Medu’s diet.
Medu should avoid eating biscuits, noodles and white bread as they are made up of refined flour (Maida) which does not contain any roughage or fiber. Roughage prevents constipation.

Question 6.
Reshma had trouble seeing things in dim light. The doctor tested her eyesight and prescribed a particular vitamin supplement. He also advised her to include a few food items in her diet.
(i) Which deficiency disease is ‘she’ suffering from?
(ii) Which food component may be lacking in her diet?
(iii) Suggest some food items that she should include in her diet to overcome this problem (any four).
Answer:
(i) Reshma is suffering from night blindness which re’sults in difficulty of seeing things in dim light.
(ii) Deficiency of vitamin A causes night blindness. Hence vitamin A might be lacking in her diet.
(iiii) In her diet, Reshma can include food items such as carrot, spinach, papaya, milk, green leafy, vegetables, mango, fish oil, etc. which are rich in vitamin A.

Question 7.
You are provided the following:
(i) Canned fruit juice
(ii) Fresh fruit juice
(iii) Fresh fruit
Which one would you prefer and why?
Answer:
I would prefer fresh fruit over canned fruit juice and fresh fruit juice because fresh fruits provide more nutrients, dietary fiber, and natural flavors compared to fresh fruit and canned fruit juice. Canned fruit juices often have added sugars to enhance flavor and extend shelf life.

Question 8.
Gourav got a fracture in his leg. His doctor aligned the bones and put on a plaster. The doctor also gave him calcium tablets.
On the second visit, the doctor gave him Vitamin D syrup along with calcium tablets.

Answer the following questions:
(i) Why did the doctor give calcium tablets to Gourav?
(ii) On the second visit, why did the doctor give Vitamin D syrup along with calcium tablets?
(iii) What question arises in your mind about the choices made by the doctor in giving the medicines?
Answer:
(i) The doctor gave calcium tablets to Gourav because calcium plays a crucial role in bone health and healing. When a bone is fractured, calcium is essential for the process of bone healing.
(ii) The doctor gave Vitamin D syrup along with calcium tablets on the second visit to Gourav because Vitamin D helps in calcium absorption.
(iii) One question that arises about the choices made by the doctor in giving the medicines is:
“How long does Gourav need to continue taking the calcium tablets and Vitamin D syrup?”

Question 9.
Sugar is an example of carbohydrates. Sugar is tested with iodine solution but it does not change to blue-black colour. What can be a possible reason?
Answer:
The reason why sugar does not change to a blue-black color when tested with iodine solution is because iodine solution reacts specifically with starch, not with simple sugars. Iodine solution is used to test for the presence of starch in a substance. When iodine comes into contact with starch, it forms a blue-black complex. Therefore, when sugar is tested with iodine solution, there will be no color change observed because sugars do not produce the blue-black coloration that starch does.

Question 10.
What do you think of Raman’s . statement, “All starches are carbohydrates but not all carbohydrates are starches.” Describe the design of an activity to test your answer.
Answer:
Raman’s statement, “All starches are carbohydrates but net all carbohydrates are starches,” is correct. Carbohydrates are a broad category which include sugars, starches, and fibers. Starches are a type of carbohydrate that consists of long chains of glucose molecules bonded together. On the other hand, carbohydrates also include simpler sugars like glucose, fructose, and sucrose, as well as complex carbohydrates such as cellulose (fiber).

To design an activity to test this statement, following experiment should be conducted
Activity Design:
Testing Types of Carbohydrates

Materials Needed
1. Iodine solution (potassium iodide solution with iodine dissolved in water)

2. Different food samples:

• Starch sources: Potato, rice, bread
• Sugar sources: Sugar crystals (sucrose), honey, fruits (like banana)
• Fiber source: Raw vegetable (like celery)

Materials Needed
1. Prepare small samples of each food item on separate plates or containers.
2. Label each plate/container according to the food sample (e.g., Plate 1: Potato, Plate 2: Sugar crystals).
3. Pour a small amount of iodine solution onto each sample. Be careful not to mix the samples.
4. Observe and record any color changes that occur.
5. Compare the color changes observed with each sample.

Expected Results

• Starch sources (e.g., potato, rice, bread): When iodine solution comes into contact with starch, it turns blue-black.
• Sugar sources (e.g., sugar crystals, honey, fruits): Sugar samples will not change color with iodine solution; they remain unchanged or show a different reaction (e.g., no color change or a slight yellowish color).
• Fiber source (e.g., raw vegetable): Fiber does not react with iodine solution and should not change color.

Conclusion: Based on the observations.

• Starches (potato, rice, bread) exhibit a blue-black color change with iodine solution, indicating the presence of starch.
• Sugars (sucrose, honey, fruits) do not show a color change with iodine solution, confirming they are not starches.
• Fiber (raw vegetable) does not react with iodine solution, indicating it is not a starch.

Explanation
This activity demonstrates that while all starches are carbohydrates (as they react with iodine solution), not all carbohydrates (such as sugars and fiber) react in the same way with iodine. Therefore, Raman’s statement is validated through this simple experiment, showing that starches are a subset of carbohydrates distinguishable by their characteristic reaction with iodine solution.

Question 11.
While using iodine in the laboratory, a few drops of iodine fell on Mishti’s socks and a few fell on her teacher’s saree.
The drops of iodine on the sdree turned blue-black while the colour on the socks did not change. What can be a possible reason? (NCERT Exemplar)
Answer:
Iodine solution turned blue- black because the saree worn by Mishti’s teacher must have contained starch and starch turns blue-black when exposed to iodine solution. Saree must be made of cotton, which has starch. Mishti’s socks would have been free from starch that’s why her socks did not change color.

Question 12.
Why are millets considered a healthy choice of food? Can eating just millets suffice for the nutritional requirements of the body? Discuss.
Answer:
Millets are considered a healthy choice of food because of their numerous health benefits. They are good sources of vitamins, minerals like iron and calcium, and dietary fibers as well. That is the reason they are also called nutri-cereals. Yes, eating just millets can suffice for the nutritional requirements of the body as they are multi-cereals and also contribute to a balance diet.

Question 13.
You are given a sample of a solution. How would you check the possibility of it being an iodine solution?
Answer:
To check if the sample of solution is iodine solution, following test can be performed

Starch Test (Iodine Test):
Add a few drops of the solution to a small amount of starch solution or starch indicator paper. Iodine forms a deep blue- black complex with starch. If the solution contains iodine, the color change to blue-black indicates the presence of iodine.

NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Science Chapter 3 Fibre to Fabric

Topics and Sub Topics in Class 6 Science Chapter 3 Fibre to Fabric:

Section Name	Topic Name
3	Fibre to Fabric
3.1	Variety in Fabrics
3.2	Fibre
3.3	Some Plant Fibres
3.4	Spinning Cotton Yarn
3.5	Yarn to Fabric
3.6	History of clothing material

Class 6 Science Chapter 3 Textbook Questions Solved

Q.1. Classify the following fibres as natural or synthetic: nylon, wool, cotton, silk, polyester, jute.
Ans. Natural fibres: wool, cotton, jute, silk.
Synthetic fibres: nylon, polyester.

Q.2. State whether the following statements are ‘true’ or false’:
(a) Yam is made from fibres.
(b) Spinning is a process of making fibres.
(c) Jute is the outer covering of coconut.
(d) The process of removing seeds from cotton is called ginning.
(d) Weaving of yam makes a piece of fabric.
(e) Silk fibre is obtained from the stem of a plant.
(g) Polyester is a natural fibre.
Ans.
(a) True
(b) False
(c) False
(d) True
(e) True
(f) False
(g) False

Q.3. Fill in the blanks:
(a) Plant fibres are obtained from____________ and___________ .
(b) Animal fibres are___________ and___________ .
Ans.
(a) cotton plants, jute plants
(b) wool, silk

Q. 4. From which part of the plant cotton and jute are obtained?
Ans.
(i) Cotton – Cotton bolls (from the surface of cotton seeds) (fruit)
(ii) Jute – Stem

Q.5. Name two items that are made from coconut fibre.
Ans.
(i) Ropes
(ii) Mats

Q.6. Explain the process of making yam from fibre.
Ans. Yarns are made up of thin strands called fibres. The process of making yam from fibres is called spinning. In this process, a mass of cotton wool are drawn out and twisted. This brings the fibres together to form yarn.

Class 6 Science Chapter 3 VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

Q.1. Name two varieties of cloth materials which are commonly used.
Ans. Cotton, silk/wool.

Q.2. What are fabrics?
Ans. Fabrics mean a woven material, textile or other materials resembling woven cloth.

Q.3. Name some fabrics in your surroundings.
Ans. Bed-sheets, blankets, curtains, table clothes, towels and dusters.

Q. 4.  Name the thing which is used to make fabric.
Ans. Yarns.

Q.5. What are yarns made of?
Ans. Yarns are made up of thin strands called fibres.

Q.6. How many types of fibres are there?                                                        ,
Ans. There are two types of fibres:
(i) Natural fibres
(ii) Synthetic fibres

Q.7. Name two natural fibres.
Ans.
(i) Cotton
(ii) Jute

Q.8. Name two synthetic fibres.
Ans.
(i) Polyester
(ii) Nylon

Q.9. What material you use for making wicks for oil lamps?
Ans. Cotton wool.

Q.10. Where does cotton wool come from.?
Ans. Cotton wool comes from cotton bolls.

Q.11. What are fruits of cotton plants called?
Ans. Cotton bolls.

Q.12. What type of soil is used to grow cotton plants?
Ans. Black soil.

Q.13. Define ginning of cotton.
Ans. The process of separating fibres from the seeds of cotton is called ginning of cotton.

Q.14. What is jute?
Ans. Jute is a fibre obtained from the stem of a jute plant.

Q.15. Name the states where jute plants are mainly grown in India.
Ans. West Bengal, Bihar and Assam.

Q.16. What is spinning?
Ans. The process of making yarns from fibres is called spinning.

Q.17. Name two hand-operated devices used for spinning.
Ans.
(i) Takli
(ii) Charkha

Q.18. How are fabrics prepared?
Ans. Fabrics are prepared from the yarns by weaving or knitting.

Q. 19. Name the process used to prepare fabrics from yams.
Ans. The processes which used to prepare fabrics are: (i) Weaving and (ii) Knitting.

Q.20. What is weaving?
Ans. The process of arranging two sets of yarns together to make a fabric is called weaving.

Q.21. What is knitting?
Ans. The process in which a single yarn is used to make a piece of fabric is called knitting.

Q.22. Name two methods of knitting.
Ans.
(i) By hands
(ii) By machines

Q.23. Where were the cotton and flax plants cultivated in ancient Egypt?
Ans. Cotton and flax plants were cultivated near the river Nile in ancient Egypt.

Q.24. Name some modem fabrics formed by unstitched piece of fabric. .
Ans. Saree, dhoti, lungi and turban.

Q.25. How are natural fibres better than synthetic fibres?
Ans. The natural fibre absorbs sweat, gives cooling effect and comfort in any season.

Q.26. Are all fibres produced by plants?
Ans. No.

Q.27. Cotton on burning gives paper burning smell and cotton is obtained from plants. Is paper also obtained from plants?
Ans. Yes, paper is also obtained from plants.

Class 6 Science Chapter 3 SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

Q.1. What do you observe when you are visiting a nearby tailoring shop?
Ans. In a tailoring shop we observe that there are many cuttings of fabrics left over after stitching. We see that some cuttings are of cotton, some are of silk or wool and some are of synthetic fibres.

Q.2. List the steps involved in the preparation of fabric.
Ans. The following steps are involved in the preparation of fabrics:
(i) Obtaining fibre,
(ii) Preparation of yarn from fibres by spinning,
(iii) When two sets of yarn are involved, yarns are woven on looms to make a fabric. When a single yam is used, the fabric is prepared by knitting.

Q.3. What are natural fibres? Explain with examples.
Ans. The fibres obtained from plants and animals are called natural fibres. For example, cotton from cotton bolls, jute from jute plant, silk from cocoon of silkworm and wool from hair of animals like sheep or goat.

Q.4. What are synthetic fibres?
Ans. The fibres which are made from chemical substances or which are not obtained from the plant and animal sources are called synthetic fibres. For example, polyester, nylon, and acrylic, etc.

Q.5. Explain how jute is obtained from the jute plant.
Ans. The jute plant is normally harvested at flowering stage. The stems of harvested plants are bundled and immersed in water for 10 to 15 days. The stems rot (the process is called retting) and fibres are separated by hand. These fibres are converted into yarns to make fabrics (Fig. 3.10).

Q. 6. What are looms?
Ans. The devices on which weaving of fabrics takes place are called looms. The looms are either hand operated or power operated.

Q. 7. What happens when a yam from a tom sock is pulled?
Ans. When we pull a yarn from a torn sock then a single yarn, gets pulled out continuously as the fabric gets unravelled. Socks are made up of knitted fabrics from a single yam.

Q. 8. What were the materials used by people in ancient times in place of clothes?
Ans. It appears that in those days people used the bark and big leaves of trees or animal skin and furs in place of clothes.

Q. 9. What happened when people began to settle in agricultural communities?
Ans. When people began to settle in agricultural communities then they learnt to weave twigs and grass into mats and baskets. Vines, animal fleece or hair were twisted together into long strands. These strands were woven into fabrics.

Q. 10. When we bum wool why do we get the smell of hair bum?
Ans. Wool is obtained from the fleece (hair) of sheep, goat, yak etc. This is the reason why burning of wool resembles the burning of hair.

Q. 11. When we bum nylon, why we do not get the smell of burning paper or burning hair?
Ans. Nylon is a synthetic fibre made from chemicals. On burning nylon these chemicals don’t produce the smell of burning paper or hair which are natural substances.

Class 6 Science Chapter 3 LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

Q.1. Describe the process of the formation of yam from cotton wool.
Ans. The cotton wool is obtained from cotton plants. The cotton plants are grown in fields. They are usually grown at the places having black soil and warm climate. The fmits of the cotton plants called cotton bolls are about the size of lemons. After maturing, the bolls burst open and seeds covered with cotton fibres can b,e seen. From the cotton bolls cotton is picked by hands. Fibres are then separated from the seeds by combing. This process is called ginning of cotton. It is done by hand or by machines. These fibres are then converted into yam.

Q.2. Describe the process of spinning and weaving.
Ans. Spinning: The process of making yarn from fibres is called spinning. In this process fibres from a mass of cotton wool are drawn out and twisted. By this fibres come together to form a yarn. Spinning can be done by hand, by takli and charkha. On a large scale, spinning is done with the help of machines.
Weaving: The process of arranging two sets of yarns together t6 make a fabric is called weaving. The process of weaving can be done on looms. The looms are either-hand operated or power operated.

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